無 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ɱyo
2   ɱyo
3   fhyo
4   ɱyo

 

無 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ɱyo
2   ɱyo
3   fhyo
4   ɱyo

 

無 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   ɱyo
2   ɱyo
3   fhyo
4   ɱyo

 

無 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ɱyo
2   ɱyo
3   fhyo
4   ɱyo

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

菐 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   buk ボク     봌우        
2   phuk ボク ハク ホク 봌우 핰우 밬우

 

菐 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   buk    
2   phuk

 

菐 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   ボク     봌우         buk
2   ボク ハク ホク 봌우 핰우 밬우 phuk

 

菐 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   buk
2   phuk

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

离, 禽, 金 Sound Groups
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   lji            
2   ljai                
3 *禽金 ɡjәm キン     킨ㄴ            
4 *禽金 ??? キン ゴン 킨ㄴ 곤ㄴ    
5 *禽金 kjәm キン コン   킨ㄴ 콘ㄴ        
*禽金 These are best grouped together because of their visual similarity

 

离, 禽, 金 Sound Groups
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   lji    
2   ljai      
3 *禽金 ɡjәm      
4 *禽金 ???  
5 *禽金 kjәm    
*禽金 These are best grouped together because of their visual similarity

 

离, 禽, 金 Sound Groups
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1               lji
2               ljai
3 *禽金 キン     킨ㄴ         ɡjәm
4 *禽金 キン ゴン 킨ㄴ 곤ㄴ ???
5 *禽金 キン コン   킨ㄴ 콘ㄴ     kjәm
*禽金 These are best grouped together because of their visual similarity

 

离, 禽, 金 Sound Groups
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   lji
2       ljai
3 *禽金     ɡjәm
4 *禽金     ???
5 *禽金     kjәm
*禽金 These are best grouped together because of their visual similarity

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

屰 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ʂak サク   샄우  
2   suo      
3   ???      
4   ŋjac ギャク ゲキ 걐우 겤이

 

屰 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ʂak
2   suo  
3   ???  
4   ŋjac

 

屰 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   サク   샄우   ʂak
2         suo
3         ???
4   ギャク ゲキ 걐우 겤이 ŋjac

 

屰 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ʂak
2   suo
3   ???
4   ŋjac

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

冒 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   mɑu mәk ボウ   보우   보우  
2   mɑu   ボウ モウ 보우 모우 보우 모우

 

冒 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   mɑu mәk 보우  
2   mɑu   보우 모우

 

冒 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   ボウ   보우   보우   mɑu mәk
2   ボウ モウ 보우 모우 보우 모우 mɑu  

 

冒 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   mɑu mәk
2   mɑu  

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

暴 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   bɑu buk ボウ バク 보우 밬우 보우
2   pak   バク   밬우        
3   buk   バク   밬우        

 

暴 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   bɑu buk 보우
2   pak      
3   buk      

 

暴 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   ボウ バク 보우 밬우 보우 bɑu buk
2   バク   밬우     pak  
3   バク   밬우     buk  

 

暴 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   bɑu buk
2       pak  
3       buk  

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

伐 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   vyat バツ   밭우    
2   vyat バツ ハツ 밭우 핱우
3   vyat バツ ハツ 밭우 핱우

 

伐 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   vyat  
2   vyat
3   vyat

 

伐 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   バツ   밭우     vyat
2   バツ ハツ 밭우 핱우 vyat
3   バツ ハツ 밭우 핱우 vyat

 

伐 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   vyat
2   vyat
3   vyat

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

貞 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ʈjaɲ テイ ジョウ 텡이 죵우
2   ʈhjaɲ テイ   텡이    
3   ʈjaɲ テイ   텡이    

 

貞 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ʈjaɲ
2   ʈhjaɲ  
3   ʈjaɲ  

 

貞 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   テイ ジョウ 텡이 죵우 ʈjaɲ
2   テイ   텡이     ʈhjaɲ
3   テイ   텡이     ʈjaɲ

 

貞 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ʈjaɲ
2   ʈhjaɲ
3   ʈjaɲ

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

刃 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ɲjәn ジン   진ㄴ    
2   ɲjәn ジン ニン 진ㄴ 닌ㄴ
3 Subgroup 忍 ɲjәn ニン   닌ㄴ    
4 Subgroup 忍 ɲjәn ニン   닌ㄴ    

 

刃 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ɲjәn  
2   ɲjәn
3 Subgroup 忍 ɲjәn  
4 Subgroup 忍 ɲjәn  

 

刃 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   ジン   진ㄴ     ɲjәn
2   ジン ニン 진ㄴ 닌ㄴ ɲjәn
3 Subgroup 忍 ニン   닌ㄴ     ɲjәn
4 Subgroup 忍 ニン   닌ㄴ     ɲjәn

 

刃 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ɲjәn
2   ɲjәn
3 Subgroup 忍 ɲjәn
4 Subgroup 忍 ɲjәn

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

昌 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ʨʰjaŋ ショウ 숑우
2   ʨhjaŋ ショウ 숑우
3   ʦjaɲ ショウ 숑우
4   ??? ショウ 숑우
5   ʨʰjaŋ ショウ 숑우

 

昌 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ʨʰjaŋ
2   ʨhjaŋ
3   ʦjaɲ
4   ???
5   ʨʰjaŋ

 

昌 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   ショウ 숑우 ʨʰjaŋ
2   ショウ 숑우 ʨhjaŋ
3   ショウ 숑우 ʦjaɲ
4   ショウ 숑우 ???
5   ショウ 숑우 ʨʰjaŋ

 

昌 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ʨʰjaŋ
2   ʨhjaŋ
3   ʦjaɲ
4   ???
5   ʨʰjaŋ

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)