扁 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   pjan ヘン 헨ㄴ
2   phjan ヘン 헨ㄴ
3   pjan ヘン 헨ㄴ
4   ??? ヘン 헨ㄴ
5   phjan ヘン 헨ㄴ

 

扁 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   pjan
2   phjan
3   pjan
4   ???
5   phjan

 

扁 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   ヘン 헨ㄴ pjan
2   ヘン 헨ㄴ phjan
3   ヘン 헨ㄴ pjan
4   ヘン 헨ㄴ ???
5   ヘン 헨ㄴ phjan

 

扁 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   pjan
2   phjan
3   pjan
4   ???
5   phjan

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

吳 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1 ŋuo      
2 ŋyo
3 ŋuo      

 

吳 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1 ŋuo  
2 ŋyo
3 ŋuo  

 

吳 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1       ŋuo
2 ŋyo
3       ŋuo

 

吳 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1 ŋuo
2 ŋyo
3 ŋuo

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

賁 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   phuәn フン 훈ㄴ
2   vyәn フン 훈ㄴ
3   vyәn フン 훈ㄴ

 

賁 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC K J
1   phuәn
2   vyәn
3   vyәn

 

賁 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   フン 훈ㄴ phuәn
2   フン 훈ㄴ vyәn
3   フン 훈ㄴ vyәn

 

賁 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   phuәn
2   vyәn
3   vyәn

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

永 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   yaɲ エイ ヨウ 엥이 용우
2   yaɲ エイ   엥이    
3   yaɲ エイ   엥이    

 

永 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   yaɲ
2   yaɲ  
3   yaɲ  

 

永 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   エイ ヨウ 엥이 용우 yaɲ
2   エイ   엥이     yaɲ
3   エイ   엥이     yaɲ

 

永 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   yaɲ
2   yaɲ
3   yaɲ

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

安 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ɑn アン   안ㄴ    
2   ɑn アン   안ㄴ    
3   ɑn アン   안ㄴ    
4   ɑn アン   안ㄴ    
5   ɑn アン   안ㄴ    
6 櫻; *6 オウ ヨウ 옹우 용우
*6 – This word has gone though some interesting sound changes

 

安 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ɑn  
2   ɑn  
3   ɑn  
4   ɑn  
5   ɑn  
6 櫻; *6
*6 – This word has gone though some interesting sound changes

 

安 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   アン   안ㄴ     ɑn
2   アン   안ㄴ     ɑn
3   アン   안ㄴ     ɑn
4   アン   안ㄴ     ɑn
5   アン   안ㄴ     ɑn
6 櫻; *6 オウ ヨウ 옹우 용우
*6 – This word has gone though some interesting sound changes

 

安 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ɑn
2   ɑn
3   ɑn
4   ɑn
5   ɑn
6 櫻; *6
*6 – This word has gone though some interesting sound changes

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

女 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ɳjo ジョ ニョ ニョウ 뇨우 뇨우
2   ɲjo ジョ                
3 Subgroup 如 ɲjo ジョ ニョ          
4 Subgroup 如 ɕjo ジョ ショ          
5 Subgroup 奴 nuo          
6 Subgroup 奴 nuo      
7 Subgroup 奴 nuo                
8 屢; Subgroup 婁 lyo            
9 樓; Subgroup 婁 lu ロウ     로우     로우    
10 Subgroup T~; Group 立 ʦhjap ショウ     숖우            
11 妝; Subgroup T~ tʂjaŋ ソウ ショウ   송우 숑우        
12 Subgroup T~ thuɑ          

 

女 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ɳjo 뇨우
2   ɲjo      
3 Subgroup 如 ɲjo    
4 Subgroup 如 ɕjo    
5 Subgroup 奴 nuo    
6 Subgroup 奴 nuo  
7 Subgroup 奴 nuo      
8 屢; Subgroup 婁 lyo    
9 樓; Subgroup 婁 lu 로우    
10 Subgroup T~; Group 立 ʦhjap      
11 妝; Subgroup T~ tʂjaŋ    
12 Subgroup T~ thuɑ    

 

女 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   ジョ ニョ ニョウ 뇨우 뇨우 ɳjo
2   ジョ             ɲjo
3 Subgroup 如 ジョ ニョ       ɲjo
4 Subgroup 如 ジョ ショ       ɕjo
5 Subgroup 奴       nuo
6 Subgroup 奴       nuo
7 Subgroup 奴             nuo
8 屢; Subgroup 婁             lyo
9 樓; Subgroup 婁 ロウ     로우     로우     lu
10 Subgroup T~; Group 立 ショウ     숖우         ʦhjap
11 妝; Subgroup T~ ソウ ショウ   송우 숑우     tʂjaŋ
12 Subgroup T~       thuɑ

 

女 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ɳjo
2       ɲjo
3 Subgroup 如     ɲjo
4 Subgroup 如     ɕjo
5 Subgroup 奴     nuo
6 Subgroup 奴 nuo
7 Subgroup 奴     nuo
8 屢; Subgroup 婁 lyo
9 樓; Subgroup 婁 lu
10 Subgroup T~; Group 立     ʦhjap
11 妝; Subgroup T~     tʂjaŋ
12 Subgroup T~     thuɑ

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

婁 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1 lyo
2 lu ロウ 로우 로우

 

婁 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1 lyo
2 lu 로우

 

婁 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1 lyo
2 ロウ 로우 로우 lu

 

婁 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1 lyo
2 lu

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

失 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ɕjәt シツ イツ 싵우 잍우
2   ɖjәt チツ   팉우     딀/딜*
3   djat テツ イツ 텥우 잍우 딀/딜*
4 tʰjat テツ テチ 텥우 텥이

 

失 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ɕjәt
2   ɖjәt 딀/딜*  
3   djat 딀/딜*
4 tʰjat

 

失 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   シツ イツ 싵우 잍우 ɕjәt
2   チツ   팉우     ɖjәt
3   テツ イツ 텥우 잍우 djat
4 テツ テチ 텥우 텥이 tʰjat

 

失 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ɕjәt
2   딀/딜* ɖjәt
3   딀/딜* djat
4 tʰjat

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

矢 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ɕji      
2 ji      
3   ʈji       듸/디*
4   ʈʰji       틔/티*
5   ʈji       듸/디*
6 or 隹 group ɖji 틔/티*

 

矢 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ɕji  
2 ji  
3   ʈji 듸/디*  
4   ʈʰji 틔/티*  
5   ʈji 듸/디*  
6 or 隹 group ɖji 틔/티*

 

矢 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1         ɕji
2       ji
3         ʈji
4         ʈʰji
5         ʈji
6 or 隹 group ɖji

 

矢 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1   ɕji
2 ji
3   디* ʈji
4   티* ʈʰji
5   디* ʈji
6 or 隹 group 티* ɖji

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)

 

 

及 Sound Group
Full Comparison of Middle Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
# *** 漢字 MC JPK JPP JCP KPH KCP
1   ɡjәp キュウ 귶우    
2   xjәp キュウ 귶우    
3   kjәp キュウ 귶우    
4   kjәp キュウ 귶우    
5   ??? キュウ 귶우

 

及 Sound Group
Summary of Reconstructions in Middle Chinese, Korean, and Japanese
# *** 漢字 MC KCP JCP
1   ɡjәp  
2   xjәp  
3   kjәp  
4   kjәp  
5   ???

 

及 Sound Group
Writing Japanese Kanji in Pahanngana
# *** Kanji JPK JPP JCP MC
1   キュウ 귶우 ɡjәp
2   キュウ 귶우 xjәp
3   キュウ 귶우 kjәp
4   キュウ 귶우 kjәp
5   キュウ 귶우 ???

 

及 Sound Group
Writing Korean in Pahanngana
# *** Hanja KPH KCP MC
1       ɡjәp
2       xjәp
3       kjәp
4       kjәp
5   ???

 

How to Read the Data
# Number of Kanji
*** Alternative Forms, Notes
漢字 Kanji / Hanja
MC Middle Chinese (Reconstruction)
JPK Japanese Pronunciation (in Katakana)
JPP Japanese Pronunciation (in Pahanngana)
JCP Japanese Kanji – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)
KPH Korean Pronunciation (in Hangul)
KCP Korean Hanja – Core/Root Form (in Pahanngana)